Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the utilization patterns of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans performed over a three-year period at University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sincan Training and Research Hospital by evaluating the distribution of scan types, repeat intervals, and utilization characteristics across diagnostic groups.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study included 35,827 DXA scans from 17,857 unique patients performed between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2024. Demographic data, scan types, request-to-scan intervals, and ICD-10 diagnostic codes were evaluated. Repeat scans were classified by time interval. Descriptive statistics and intergroup comparisons were performed.

Results

The mean patient age was 61 years (interquartile range: 52-70), and 78% were female. Lumbar spine scans were the most frequent (52%), followed by femoral (33%) and whole-body scans (15%). At least one repeat scan was observed in 22% of patients. Among repeats, 2.8% were technical repeats (within 7 days), 14.4% occurred within the first year, and 12.2% after ≥2 years. Repeat rates were significantly higher in patients with osteoporosis (M81) and postmenopausal status (N95) compared to other groups (p<0.001). The median request-to-scan interval was 5 days.

Conclusion

Our analysis revealed that technical repeats and early follow-up scans constitute a considerable proportion of DXA services. Reinforcing adherence to clinical indications, re-evaluating repeat scan criteria, and strengthening quality control processes are recommended to improve the efficiency of DXA utilization and optimize healthcare resources.